Caring for Your Florida Coontie

(Zamia integrifolia)

The Florida Coontie, also known as Coontie Palm or Seminole Breadroot, is one of North America’s most ancient plant species. Although it resembles a small palm, it is actually a cycad — a group of prehistoric plants that existed millions of years before flowering plants evolved.

Native to Florida and the southeastern United States, Coontie is valued for its feathery, evergreen foliage and impressive resilience. It works beautifully in native landscapes, low-water gardens, and even large containers.

Once established, it is remarkably hardy and requires very little maintenance.

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Light Requirements

Florida Coontie is highly adaptable when it comes to light.

It can grow in:

• Full sun

• Partial shade

• Dappled sunlight

For best appearance:

• In full sun: Growth stays compact with bright green foliage

• In partial shade: Leaves grow slightly longer and darker

A mix of sun and shade throughout the day often produces the healthiest growth.

If grown indoors:

• Place near a bright window

• Provide indirect or filtered sunlight

• Avoid extremely dark areas

While it tolerates lower light, growth may slow.

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Watering Guide

Coontie is naturally drought-tolerant, especially once established.

During the first year after planting:

• Water regularly to help roots establish

• Allow soil to dry slightly between waterings

After establishment:

• Water only during extended dry periods

• Deep, occasional watering is better than frequent shallow watering

Overwatering is the main risk. Poor drainage can cause root rot.

Always ensure soil drains well and never remains soggy.

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Soil and Drainage

Coontie thrives in well-draining soil and adapts to many soil types.

It performs well in:

• Sandy soils

• Loamy soils

• Slightly rocky soils

If planting in heavy clay soil:

• Amend with sand or perlite

• Improve drainage before planting

For container plants:

• Use a well-draining cactus or palm mix

• Ensure the container has drainage holes

This plant tolerates acidic to neutral soil pH and does not require special soil chemistry.

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Temperature and Climate

Florida Coontie thrives in warm climates and is hardy in USDA zones 8–11.

It can tolerate short cold spells down to approximately 20°F (-6°C), but prolonged freezing may damage foliage.

In colder regions:

• Grow in containers

• Move indoors during winter

• Protect from frost and cold winds

It handles hot, humid summers extremely well and is well-suited for coastal and southern landscapes.

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Fertilization

Coontie evolved in nutrient-poor soils and does not require heavy feeding.

Apply:

• A balanced, slow-release fertilizer (8-8-8 or 10-10-10)

• Once in spring

• Optional second application in late summer

Avoid over-fertilizing. Too many nutrients can lead to weak growth and root stress.

In many native landscapes, fertilization may not be necessary at all.

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Pruning and Maintenance

Coontie is naturally tidy and slow-growing.

Maintenance includes:

• Removing yellow or damaged fronds

• Trimming at the base using clean tools

There is no need for shaping or aggressive pruning.

Because it grows slowly, it rarely outgrows its space.

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Pest and Disease Management

Florida Coontie is generally pest-resistant.

Occasional issues may include:

• Scale insects

• Mealybugs

Inspect fronds periodically, especially indoors.

Treat infestations early with:

• Insecticidal soap

• Neem oil

The most common disease concern is root rot, caused by overwatering or poorly draining soil.

Prevention is simple:

• Use well-draining soil

• Avoid excess watering

• Maintain airflow around the plant

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Important Safety Note

While Coontie supports native wildlife, all parts of the plant — especially the seeds — contain toxins.

If ingested, they can be harmful to pets and children.

Plant responsibly if you have animals or young family members.

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Expert Growing Tips

• Ideal for native Florida landscaping

• Excellent choice for drought-tolerant gardens

• Works well under trees or in filtered light

• Very resistant to wind and coastal conditions

Coontie is also the host plant for the Atala butterfly, making it an important addition to wildlife-friendly gardens.

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